One of EMD's core competencies is in the design of energy storage systems utilizing a variety of technologies and chemistries for EV/HEV propulsion. Our team has been working with the world's leading manufacturers and developers of batteries and capacitors on vehicle integration for over 20 years.

The ability to match energy storage technology with specific vehicular duty cycles is central to our approach. EMD's application knowledge in the deployment of vehicle energy storage systems ranges from single passenger off-road vehicles to heavy duty commercial vehicles in consumer, commercial and military applications.

EMD's energy storage design philosophy is based on achieving the right balance among the following factors:

• Thermal management
• Electrical management
• Charging
• Packaging
• Cost

Even though a proposed solution may be technically superior, if it is not affordable, it cannot be a successful product. EMD achieves this balance by combining custom and off-the-shelf technologies with careful analysis of the required performance parameters. Additionally, EMD's relationship with global suppliers of energy storage devices provides tremendous depth to its ability to find the right product at the right price point.